HABERLANDT, GOTTLIEB

HABERLANDT, GOTTLIEB (1854–1945), German plant physiologist. Born in Ungarisch-Altenberg, Hungary, Haberlandt rose to a professorship first at the University of Graz (Austria) and later at the University of Berlin. His contributions in the field of plant responses to environmental stimuli helped to establish plant physiology as a significant separate discipline within the biological sciences. In 1884 Haberlandt described the important relationship between the anatomy of plants and their physiological capacities in a classic volume, Physiologische Pflanzenanatomie (1884; Physiological Plant Anatomy, 1914). In utilizing function as a basis for establishing structural categories he anticipated 20th-century interest in physiological plant ecology. Later works include Das Reizleitende Gewebesystem der Sinnpflanze ("Stimuli Transmitting Tissue System of the Mimosa," 1890) and Sinnesorgane im Pflanzenreich ("Sense Organs of the Plant Kingdom," 1901) as well as numerous research reports dealing with the mechanism of plant tropisms, the significance of transpiration in the migration of nutrients, and the general functions of the vascular system. -BIBLIOGRAPHY: Neue Deutsche Biographie, 7 (1966), includes bibliography. (George H. Fried)